Working principle of the excavator crusher bucket.

 Feeding Process

The excavator places the crusher bucket on the pile of materials that need to be crushed by operating its arm. Materials (such as concrete blocks, stones, branches, etc.) enter the bucket through the opening of the crusher bucket. The design size of this opening usually allows materials within a certain size range to enter smoothly, ensuring that objects of different sizes can enter without obstruction.

Crushing Structure and Primary Crushing

The inside of the crusher bucket is equipped with specially designed crushing cutters or crushing teeth. Once the materials enter the bucket, the hydraulic system of the excavator drives the rotating shafts inside the crusher bucket, and these rotating shafts drive the crushing cutters or crushing teeth to rotate at high speed. For example, in some dual-shaft crusher buckets, two rotating shafts rotate in opposite directions, so that the materials are initially cut and crushed under the action of the rotating cutters. The shape and arrangement of the cutters are carefully designed to effectively grip the materials and apply sufficient shearing force to break the larger materials into smaller pieces.

Secondary Crushing and Screening

The materials that have undergone primary crushing will continue to be secondarily crushed by the rotating cutters inside the crusher bucket. During this process, some crusher buckets will also be equipped with screening devices. The screening device is usually composed of a sieve with a certain aperture size. The crushed materials smaller than the sieve aperture will fall through the sieve to the discharge port at the bottom of the crusher bucket, while the materials larger than the sieve aperture will remain in the crusher bucket and be repeatedly crushed by the cutters until their size is small enough to pass through the sieve.

Discharge Process

When the crushed materials pass through the sieve, they will be discharged through the discharge port at the bottom of the crusher bucket under the action of gravity. The size and shape of the discharge port can be adjusted according to actual needs. For example, by controlling the opening and closing degree of the discharge port, the discharge speed and flow rate can be adjusted.

Hydraulic Drive System

The entire crushing process is powered by the hydraulic system of the excavator. The hydraulic pump of the excavator delivers hydraulic oil to the hydraulic motors in the crusher bucket, and the hydraulic motors drive the rotating shafts and related crushing mechanisms inside the crusher bucket to work. This hydraulic drive method can provide sufficient torque and rotational speed to ensure that the crusher bucket can effectively crush various materials with different hardness. Meanwhile, the hydraulic system can also flexibly adjust the working parameters of the crusher bucket according to the actual working conditions, such as the hardness of the materials and the required crushing speed, such as the rotational speed of the rotating shafts and the cutting depth of the cutters.